Apparatus for producing distilled water



B. BIQEICKEN.

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING DISTILLED WATER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 5, 1914.

Patented Dec. 27, 1921.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. I

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING DISTILLED WATER.

Specification of Letters Yatent.

Patented Dec. 27, 1921.

Application flled ltliarch 5, 1914. Serial No. 822,665.

(GRANTED ummn THE rnovrsrons or run new or mnncn 3, um, 41 s'm'r. L.,1313.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BERTHOLD Bnnroxnn, a citizen of the German Empire,and residing at Gross-Borstel, near Hamburg, Germany, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Producing DistilledWater, (for which I have filed appiication as follows: Germany, in part,on

arch 19, 1913, No. B. 71153 X13/b, and in part on December 17, 1913, No.B. .75,

'197X/l3b; England, in part, on January 27 1914, No. 2191; Denmark, 1npart, on DecemberlO, 1913, No. 2272; Hungary, in part, on February 14,1914, No. 3300; France, in part, on December 13, 1913, No. 64,559;Austria, in part, on December 13, 1913; Italy, in part, on December 13,1913, Reg. 205, No. 195; and'Russia, in part, on December 7/20, 1913,No. 60, 983,) of which the following is a specification.

In the apparatus for producing distilled water disclosed in my PatentNo. 1102131, dated June 30, 1914, the evaporator is provided with abrine discharge pipe which opens below a free water-level, so that thewater-level in the evaporator is determined independently of thequantity of water fed into it solely by the partial vacuum in it an bythe height of the evaporator above the free water-level, so thatmorewater than is evaporated can constantly be supplied to theevaporator without the height of the waterlevel in the evaporatorvarying.

A primary object is to provide an improved apparatus of this type.

According to my invention the evaporator which is operated under apartial vacuum and is provided with a discharge pipe, opening below afree water-level, is connected with an apparatus for heating water to atemperature higher than that corresponding to its boiling point in theevaporator. Some of the heated water passing constantly from thisapparatus in the evaporator is evaporated without additional heat beingsupplied, while a far larger quantity descends without influencing thewater-level in the evaporator.

The invention consists in the construction, arrangement and combinationof parts ded the pipe 43 with scribed hereinafter and pointed out in theclaims.

Two illustrative embodiments of the invention as applied to theproduction of distilled water ona steamer are represented by way ofexample in the accompanying drawings wherein Figure 1 is a verticalsection through the distilling a paratus.

Fig. 2 shows a part of this apparatus, namely the evaporator on anenlarged scale in a vertical section.

Referring to Fig. 1, the numeral 1 designates the main condenser forcondensing steam from the main engine. The same may be of any describedkind and in the embodiment comprises a cylindrical casing having closedends 2, 3. The cooling tubes 4 are beaded or otherwise attached intothese ends and connect the chamber 5 with the header 6 and the latterwith the chamber 7. The pipe 8, throughwhich the water is supplied bymeans of a pump in the direction of the arrow 9, opens into the chamber5. The cylindrical casing surrounding the tubes 4 is connected by thepipe 38 with an exhaustpump 76. The chamber 7 is connected by a feedpipe 10 leading to a preheater 11 and with a pipe 41 leading into thesea. A regulating device in the form of a valve or the like is providedat 42, which, when properly regulated allows only a relatively smallamount of water which leaves the chamber 7 to pass into the pipe 10, thegreater part being led away through the pipe 41 into the sea. Thepreheater 11 is similar to the main condenser in construction andcomprises a cylindrical casing having ends 12, 13, into which theheating tubes 14 are beaded. The tubes 14 connect the chamber 15 with aheader 16 and the latter with the chamber 17. The cylindrical casing ofthe preheater surrounding the tubes. 14 is connected by a pipe 39 withthe exhaust piping of the auxiliary engines and by the pipe 40 with anexhaust-pump 78. The water preheated in the tubes 4 in the maincondenser is superheated in the tubes 14 by the exhaust steam of theauxiliary engines.

A pipe 18 leads from the chamber 17 to the annular chamber 19 of theevaporator 20, and to the tubes 21 in the chamber 22, which areconnected to the annular chamber 19. The bottom of the chamber 22constitutes a spraying device 23.

The pipe 25 having the branches 26, 26, is connected to the chamber orspace 24 bounded by the annular chamber 19. The branch pipes 26 openinto the steam chamber or header 27 of a condenser built around theevaporator 20. The header 27 is connected by the cooling pipes 28,surrounded by the casing 30, with the condensation chamber 29. Thecooling water surrounding the pipes 28 is supplied at 31 and flows awayheated at 32.

The header 2? is connected by the pipe 33 with the steam space of themain condenser l. The water passing through the main condenser istherefore preheated not only by the steam of the main engine, but alsoby the steam produced in the evaporator. The descending pipe 34-.connects the header 29 with a tank 35 which is arranged so low down thatthe condensed steam which collects in the header 29 flows away in spiteof the partial vacuum in the condenser. Further, the pipe 36 leadsdownward from the lower part of the evaporator 20 and opens outboardsbelow the level of the sea.

The described apparatus operates as follows:

The sea water is lifted through pipe 8 by means of a pump, and passesinto the chamber 5 of the main condenser, whence itflows through thelower heating tubes 4 into the header 6 and thence through the uppercooling tubes 4 into the chamber 7, where it is heated by the steamstreamin and condensing around the tubes t and eaves the latter throughthe pipe 43. The greater part flows away through the pipe 41 into thesea, while only a relatively small quantity is supplied through the pipe10 to the preheater 11 through which it flows in a manner similar tothat just described together with the water flowing down from theevaporator through the pipe 37. The heated water is finally suppliedthrough the pipe 18 into the annular chamber 19 of the evaporator andflows out of this through the tubes 21 into the header 22, from which itpasses into the form of fine jets into the steam chamber of theevaporator 20. A

relatively small part of the water is here at once vaporized, while thegreater part remains liquid without, however, influencing thewater-level in the evaporator. The water supplied in excess in partflows outboards through the pipe 36 and in part flows through the pipe37 to mingle with the water leaving the main condenser, whereupon themixture flows through the heating tubes of the preheater and is againsupplied through the pipe 18 to the evaporator.

Of the water leaving the main condenser only as much requires to besupplied through the pipe 10 to the preheater as is requisite forreplacing that quantity of water which is evaporated in the evaporatorand for negativing the increase in the percentage of salt due to theevaporation of the said quantity of water. This amount is however onlyrelatively small, which fact is important in asmuch as the water leavingthe main condenser contains air but, owing to its uantity being small,does not materially a cot the air-pump of the main condenser.

The vapor or steam escaping from the evaporator flows around the tubes21 through which hot water flows, whereby the steam is dried, whereuponit issues from the evaporator through the pipes 25, 26, 26 into theheader 27 of the condenser. In order to pre vent particles of liquidbeing entrained any known water separating devlce may be provided in thechamber 24 or in the pipe 25. Steam flows out of the header 27 into thecooling tubes 28 where the same is condensed, the distilled water thusobtained bein conducted out of the header 29 throug the pipe 34 into thetank 35. A partial vacuum corresponding to that in the main condenser ismaintained in the condenser by way of pipe 33 and exhaust 76.

I claim 1. In an apparatus for distilling seawater of the characterdescribed, the combination of a main condenser and a preheater with anevaporator operating under a partial vacuum, a valve controlled pipeconnecting said main condenser and said preheater, a pipe connectingsaid preheat er with the upper part of said evaporator, a steam chamberin said evaporator, a pipe connecting said chamber with the pipeconnection between main condenser and preheater for commingling theexcess of water from said evaporator with the water supply from saidmain condenser, a tank, and a pipe connecting the evaporatpr with saidtank for conducting the distilled water into said tank, and a pipeconnection between said evaporator and said main condenser,substantially as described and for the purpose set forth.

2. In an apparatus for distilling sea-water of the character described,an evaporator comprising in combination, a heater and a condenser, meansfor connecting both, means for exhausting the cooling water, means forexhausting part of the superfluous water supply, and means forexhausting the distilled water, substantially as described.

3. In an apparatus for distilling sea-water of the character described,an evaporator comprising in combination, an annular chamber, an uppersteam chamber and a lower condensation chamber, cooling pipes connectingthe steam chamber and said condensation chamber, a header, a sprayerbottom in said header, means for exhausting the cooling water, means forexhausting part of the superfluous water supply, and means -forexhausting the distilled water, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, I'affixmy signature in the presence of twowitnesses.

BERTHOLD BLEICKEN. Witnesses:

EMIL HAGER, CARL SOHAFER.

